Vocabulary (SAT-level)
High School (9-10) · English Language Arts
This topic builds the kind of vocabulary that shows up in college-entrance reading passages and in demanding high school texts: mostly mid-frequency academic words (undermine, tenuous, ostensibly, empirical) plus common words used in less common senses (qualify, yield, sustain, novel). Work focuses on figuring out meaning from surrounding sentences rather than memorising definition lists, since standardised reading questions almost always supply context and ask which word best fits it. Sessions are spoken, so a learner practises saying a word, defining it in their own words, and using it in a sentence about something they actually care about.
Start a session on Vocabulary (SAT-level)What this covers
- Using context clues — contrast signals (yet, despite), restatement, cause-and-effect — to narrow an unfamiliar word to a workable meaning
- Second and third meanings of familiar words (a 'reserved' manner, to 'table' a proposal, a 'sound' argument)
- Latin and Greek roots and affixes (bene-, mal-, -cred-, -dict-, circum-, -ous vs -ious) used to decode new words on sight
- Distinguishing near-synonyms by connotation and intensity: assertive vs aggressive, frugal vs stingy, curious vs nosy
- Word-in-context question strategy: reading the full sentence, predicting a plain-English substitute, then testing each option
- Building words into active use in essays and discussion, including correct part of speech and typical collocations
Where learners get stuck
- Choosing the answer that matches the word's most common meaning instead of the one the passage requires
- Test items deliberately use everyday words in secondary senses. A learner who recognises the word feels confident and stops reading the sentence, which is exactly when the trap works.
- Treating dictionary synonyms as interchangeable
- Flashcard definitions strip out connotation. 'Frugal' and 'stingy' share a gloss like 'careful with money' but carry opposite judgements, so essays end up praising someone with an insult.
- Over-trusting roots and inventing a definition
- After learning that 'nym' means name, students decode 'ignominious' as something to do with names. Roots narrow possibilities; they do not confirm meaning without context, and this needs to be practised as a two-step check.
- Learning words only in the abstract and never in a sentence
- Recognition memory is much weaker than production. A learner can pick 'obstinate' from four choices but cannot say whether it takes 'about' or 'in', so the word never makes it into their own writing.
What a session looks like
A typical 25-30 minute session opens with a quick spoken review of words from previous sessions — define it, then use it. Evelyn then reads short passages aloud, pausing on a target word so the learner predicts a meaning before hearing the options, and asks them to justify why the other choices fail. Roots and word families come up as they arise rather than as a separate drill. Sessions usually end with the learner composing two or three original sentences out loud using the day's words, with corrections on part of speech and phrasing.
Helpful to know first
- Comfortable reading grade-level nonfiction paragraphs and summarising the main point
- Knows basic parts of speech well enough to tell whether a word is being used as a noun, verb or adjective
- Willing to guess out loud at meanings before checking — the method depends on prediction
Questions
- Is memorising word lists still worth it for the digital SAT?
- Less than it used to be. Current reading questions give a sentence or short passage and ask which word fits, so context reading and knowing multiple senses of ordinary words matter more than obscure vocabulary. Sessions here weight it that way, though roots and word families still speed up recognition.
- My child is in 9th grade — is this too early?
- No. Two years of steady exposure beats cramming, and the same words appear in honours English and history reading. The pace is set by what the learner can actually use in a sentence, not by a fixed list length.
- How many words will they learn?
- There is no fixed count. Sessions revisit previously introduced words rather than always adding new ones, because a word a learner can define but not use has not really been learned.
- Can this help with essay writing too?
- Indirectly. Because sessions end with the learner producing their own sentences, words tend to transfer into writing. The essay structure and argument work sits in the Persuasive Writing and Rhetoric topics.