Advanced Composition
High School (11-12) · English Language Arts
Advanced Composition in grades 11 and 12 shifts the focus from writing about a text to controlling the essay itself: how a claim is built, how sources are woven into your own line of reasoning, and how sentences carry emphasis. Sessions work on your actual drafts — a synthesis essay, a researched argument, a timed persuasive piece — treating structure, evidence handling, and prose style as separate problems that get separate fixes. Discussion is spoken, so you talk through why a paragraph stalls or why a thesis is describing rather than arguing before you rewrite it.
Start a session on Advanced CompositionWhat this covers
- Building an arguable thesis that carries tension, and testing it against the objection a reasonable reader would raise
- Synthesising three or more sources into one argument rather than summarising them in sequence, including how to make sources disagree with each other on the page
- Paragraph architecture: topic sentence, warrant, evidence, and the interpretive sentence that most drafts leave out
- Sentence-level craft — subordination, parallelism, varied openings, cutting nominalisations and filler verbs — and hearing the difference when read aloud
- Integrating quotations and data with signal phrases, and citing in MLA or APA including in-text conventions and works cited formatting
- Revision as restructuring: reverse-outlining a finished draft, resequencing paragraphs, and cutting 15 percent without losing content
Where learners get stuck
- Treating a thesis as an announcement of subject ('This essay examines the effects of social media on civic engagement') rather than a contestable claim.
- Five-paragraph training rewarded clear signposting, and announcing the topic feels safe. At this level a reader wants to know what you are asserting that someone could deny, which requires committing before the evidence is fully arranged.
- Source-by-source structure in synthesis writing — one paragraph per author — which produces a report instead of an argument.
- It mirrors how the reading was done, one article at a time, and it feels organised. Synthesis requires organising by idea, which means breaking each source apart and redistributing it across paragraphs.
- Assuming a quotation proves the point on its own, so the paragraph ends immediately after the citation.
- Writers can see the connection in their own heads and do not notice it is unstated. The missing move is the warrant — explaining why this evidence licenses this claim — which is the sentence graders most often mark as absent.
What a session looks like
You bring a draft, an assignment prompt, or a set of sources. Evelyn reads what you have and asks you to state the argument out loud in one sentence — usually the fastest way to find where the draft and the intention diverge. From there a session targets one layer: reverse-outlining to expose structure, rewriting a single paragraph three ways to compare emphasis, or working through how a counterargument section should be positioned. You revise between exchanges rather than receiving a corrected version, and prose problems get diagnosed by ear, since spoken sentences reveal padding and tangles that silent reading skips over.
Helpful to know first
- Comfort writing a multi-paragraph essay with a thesis and supporting evidence
- Experience reading and taking notes from non-fiction sources or articles
- Familiarity with basic quotation and citation, even if the format rules are still shaky
- An assignment, draft, or topic to work on — sessions are built around your own writing
Questions
- How is this different from the Critical Analysis topic?
- Critical Analysis is about interpreting literary texts — what a passage means and how to defend that reading. Advanced Composition is about the writing itself: argument construction, source synthesis, structure, and sentence style, applied to argumentative and researched essays across any subject.
- Can it help with a research paper for a history or science class?
- Yes. The work is on argument, evidence handling, and citation, which transfers across subjects. Evelyn can help you shape a research question, organise sources by claim, and format citations, though it will not verify subject-matter facts in a specialised field for you.
- Will Evelyn write or rewrite my essay?
- No. Sessions work by identifying what a paragraph is doing versus what it needs to do, and you make the changes. Evelyn will model a technique on a sample sentence to show a contrast, but the draft stays yours.
- My student writes fluently but keeps getting mid-range grades. What is usually wrong?
- Most often the argument is under-specified rather than the prose being weak — a thesis that describes instead of claims, or paragraphs where evidence is presented but never interpreted. These are structural issues, and a session usually starts by reverse-outlining a graded essay to locate them.